Understanding paper weights and types

There are many types of different paper weights and grades, each with its own specific use. When working on a print project, using the proper paper is important as it can affect the quality and durability of the final product. Hopefully, this page can help to explain the different terms you may hear in association with paper weight, and help you choose the proper paper for your needs.

Paper weight measurement

The two most common methods of specifying paper weight and thickness are GSM, and basis weight.

GSM

GSM stands for grams per square meter, and is the metric unit of paper measurement. It is a density-based measurement, and the simplest way to describe paper weights. However, it is not the most common measurement used, particularly in the US. To better communicate with a US based printer, you should also understand (US) basis weight.

Basis weight

Basis weight is a weight-based measurement and refers to the weight of one ream of paper. A ream, also known as a 'long' ream, is equal to 500 sheets of paper. It's that package you buy when you go to the stationery store, and how the paper is packaged inside the boxes.

This form of measurement called a pound, and you might see it written as "lb" or "#". If a paper is called "20 lb" or "20 #", it means that one ream of paper weighs 20 pounds. However, this weight is different depending on the type of paper, so that 20 lb bond paper is not equal to 20 lb cover paper, for example. The measurement also refers to the sheet of paper before it is cut down to its finished size.

Paper types

There are many different types of paper, with different properties. Papers can be coated, giving them a smooth, glossy feel, or uncoated. They range in thickness and sturdiness, giving them different weight ratings.

Most common paper types

Bond paper (16 - 36 lb): Also known as copy or writing paper, is commonly used for everyday printing, stationery, and letterhead.

Book paper (30 - 115 lb): This type of paper includes both coated and uncoated papers of varying thicknesses, commonly used for printing books, booklets, catalogs, and magazines.

Text paper (50 - 100 lb): Commonly used in commercial printing for such items as brochures, and letterheads,

Cover paper (60 - 120 lb): Also referred to as cardstock. This thicker paper is usually used for menus, invitations, business cards, and postcards.

Index paper (90 - 140 lb): As you might guess, this stiff paper is mostly used for index cards, or postcards.

Tag paper (100 - 200 lb): Tag paper is a highly stiff and durable paper, used in retail signs, price pags, door hangers, and direct mailings.

Paper weight conversion chart

To make understanding paper weights and types easier, we have included this equivalent weight chart. Please note these amounts are estimates, not exact values. Also, similar weight papers can vary between manufacturers.